1 Raja-raja 1:28--2:9
Konteks1:28 King David responded, 1 “Summon Bathsheba!” 2 She came and stood before the king. 3 1:29 The king swore an oath: “As certainly as the Lord lives (he who has rescued me 4 from every danger), 1:30 I will keep 5 today the oath I swore to you by the Lord God of Israel: ‘Surely Solomon your son will be king after me; he will sit in my place on my throne.’” 1:31 Bathsheba bowed down to the king with her face to the floor 6 and said, “May my master, King David, live forever!”
1:32 King David said, “Summon Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, 7 and Benaiah son of Jehoiada.” They came before the king, 1:33 and he 8 told them, “Take your master’s 9 servants with you, put my son Solomon on my mule, and lead him down to Gihon. 10 1:34 There Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet will anoint 11 him king over Israel; then blow the trumpet and declare, ‘Long live King Solomon!’ 1:35 Then follow him up as he comes and sits on my throne. He will be king in my place; I have decreed 12 that he will be ruler over Israel and Judah.” 1:36 Benaiah son of Jehoiada responded 13 to the king: “So be it! 14 May the Lord God of my master the king confirm it! 15 1:37 As the Lord is with my master the king, so may he be with Solomon, and may he make him an even greater king than my master King David!” 16
1:38 So Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, the Kerethites, and the Pelethites 17 went down, put Solomon on King David’s mule, and led him to Gihon. 1:39 Zadok the priest took a horn filled with olive oil 18 from the tent and poured it on 19 Solomon; the trumpet was blown and all the people declared, “Long live King Solomon!” 1:40 All the people followed him up, playing flutes and celebrating so loudly they made the ground shake. 20
1:41 Now Adonijah and all his guests heard the commotion just as they had finished eating. 21 When Joab heard the sound of the trumpet, he asked, “Why is there such a noisy commotion in the city?” 22 1:42 As he was still speaking, Jonathan 23 son of Abiathar the priest arrived. Adonijah said, “Come in, for 24 an important man like you must be bringing good news.” 25 1:43 Jonathan replied 26 to Adonijah: “No! 27 Our master 28 King David has made Solomon king. 1:44 The king sent with him Zadok the priest, Nathan the prophet, Benaiah son of Jehoiada, the Kerethites, and the Pelethites and they put him on the king’s mule. 1:45 Then Zadok the priest and Nathan the prophet anointed 29 him king in Gihon. They went up from there rejoicing, and the city is in an uproar. That is the sound you hear. 1:46 Furthermore, Solomon has assumed the royal throne. 30 1:47 The king’s servants have even come to congratulate 31 our master 32 King David, saying, ‘May your God 33 make Solomon more famous than you and make him an even greater king than you!’ 34 Then the king leaned 35 on the bed 1:48 and said 36 this: ‘The Lord God of Israel is worthy of praise because 37 today he has placed a successor on my throne and allowed me to see it.’” 38
1:49 All of Adonijah’s guests panicked; 39 they jumped up and rushed off their separate ways. 1:50 Adonijah feared Solomon, so he got up and went and grabbed hold of the horns of the altar. 40 1:51 Solomon was told, “Look, Adonijah fears you; 41 see, he has taken hold of the horns of the altar, saying, ‘May King Solomon solemnly promise 42 me today that he will not kill his servant with the sword.’” 1:52 Solomon said, “If he is a loyal subject, 43 not a hair of his head will be harmed, but if he is found to be a traitor, 44 he will die.” 1:53 King Solomon sent men to bring him down 45 from the altar. He came and bowed down to King Solomon, and Solomon told him, “Go home.” 46
2:1 When David was close to death, 47 he told 48 Solomon his son: 2:2 “I am about to die. 49 Be strong and become a man! 2:3 Do the job the Lord your God has assigned you 50 by following his instructions 51 and obeying 52 his rules, commandments, regulations, and laws as written in the law of Moses. Then you will succeed in all you do and seek to accomplish, 53 2:4 and the Lord will fulfill his promise to me, 54 ‘If your descendants watch their step 55 and live faithfully in my presence 56 with all their heart and being, 57 then,’ he promised, 58 ‘you will not fail to have a successor on the throne of Israel.’ 59
2:5 “You know what Joab son of Zeruiah did to me – how he murdered two commanders of the Israelite armies, Abner son of Ner and Amasa son of Jether. 60 During peacetime he struck them down like he would in battle; 61 when he shed their blood as if in battle, he stained his own belt and the sandals on his feet. 62 2:6 Do to him what you think is appropriate, 63 but don’t let him live long and die a peaceful death. 64
2:7 “Treat fairly 65 the sons of Barzillai of Gilead and provide for their needs, 66 because they helped me 67 when I had to flee from your brother Absalom.
2:8 “Note well, you still have to contend with Shimei son of Gera, the Benjaminite from Bahurim, 68 who tried to call down upon me a horrible judgment when I went to Mahanaim. 69 He came down and met me at the Jordan, and I solemnly promised 70 him by the Lord, ‘I will not strike you down 71 with the sword.’ 2:9 But now 72 don’t treat him as if he were innocent. You are a wise man and you know how to handle him; 73 make sure he has a bloody death.” 74
[1:28] 1 tn Heb “answered and said.”
[1:28] 2 sn Summon Bathsheba. Bathsheba must have left the room when Nathan arrived (see 1:22).
[1:28] 3 tn Heb “she came before the king and stood before the king.”
[1:29] 4 tn Or “ransomed my life.”
[1:30] 5 tn Or “carry out, perform.”
[1:31] 6 tn Heb “bowed low, face [to] the ground, and bowed down to the king.”
[1:32] 7 sn Summon…Nathan. Nathan must have left the room when Bathsheba reentered.
[1:33] 9 tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.
[1:33] 10 tn Heb “mount Solomon my son on the mule that belongs to me and take him down to Gihon.”
[1:34] 11 tn Or “designate” (i.e., by anointing with oil).
[1:36] 13 tn Heb “answered and said.”
[1:36] 15 tn Heb “So may the
[1:37] 16 tn Heb “and may he make his throne greater than the throne of my master King David.”
[1:38] 17 sn The Kerethites and Pelethites were members of David’s royal guard (see 2 Sam 8:18). The Kerethites may have been descendants of an ethnic group originating in Crete.
[1:39] 18 tn Heb “the horn of oil.” This has been specified as olive oil in the translation for clarity.
[1:39] sn A horn filled with oil. An animal’s horn was used as an oil flask in the anointing ceremony.
[1:40] 20 tn Heb “and all the people went up after him, and the people were playing flutes and rejoicing with great joy and the ground split open at the sound of them.” The verb בָּקַע (baqa’, “to split open”), which elsewhere describes the effects of an earthquake, is obviously here an exaggeration for the sake of emphasis.
[1:41] 21 tn Heb “And Adonijah and all the guests who were with him heard, now they had finished eating.”
[1:41] 22 tn Heb “Why is the city’s sound noisy?”
[1:42] 23 tn The Hebrew text has “look” at this point. The particle הִנֵּה (hinneh), “look draws attention to Jonathan’s arrival and invites the audience to view the scene through the eyes of the participants.
[1:42] 25 tn Heb “you are a man of strength [or “ability”] and you bring a message [that is] good.” Another option is to understand the phrase אִישׁ חַיִל (’ish khayil) in the sense of “a worthy man,” that is “loyal.” See also 1 Kgs 1:52 and HALOT 311 s.v. חַיִל.
[1:43] 26 tn Heb “answered and said.”
[1:43] 27 tn For a similar use of אֲבָל (’aval), see Gen 17:19, where God rejects Abraham’s proposal and offers an alternative.
[1:43] 28 tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.
[1:45] 29 tn I.e., designated by anointing with oil.
[1:46] 30 tn Heb “And also Solomon sits on the throne of the kingdom.”
[1:47] 32 tn The plural form is used in the Hebrew text to indicate honor and authority.
[1:47] 33 tc Many Hebrew
[1:47] 34 tn Heb “make the name of Solomon better than your name, and make his throne greater than your throne.” The term שֵׁם (shem, “name”) is used here of one’s fame and reputation.
[1:47] 35 tn Or “bowed down; worshiped.”
[1:48] 36 tn The Hebrew text reads, “and the king said.”
[1:48] 37 tn Or “Blessed be the
[1:48] 38 tn Heb “and my eyes are seeing.”
[1:49] 39 tn Or “were afraid, trembled.”
[1:50] 40 sn Grabbed hold of the horns of the altar. The “horns” of the altar were the horn-shaped projections on the four corners of the altar (see Exod 27:2). By going to the holy place and grabbing hold of the horns of the altar, Adonijah was seeking asylum from Solomon.
[1:51] 41 tn Heb “King Solomon.” The name and title have been replaced by the pronoun (“you”) in the translation for stylistic reasons.
[1:51] 42 tn Or “swear an oath to.”
[1:52] 43 tn Heb “if he is a man of strength [or ability].” In this context, where Adonijah calls himself a “servant,” implying allegiance to the new king, the phrase אִישׁ חַיִל (’ish khayil) probably carries the sense of “a worthy man,” that is, “loyal” (see HALOT 311 s.v. חַיִל).
[1:52] 44 tn Heb “but if evil is found in him.”
[1:53] 45 tn Heb “sent and they brought him down.”
[1:53] 46 tn Heb “Go to your house.”
[2:1] 47 tn Heb “and the days of David approached to die.”
[2:2] 49 tn Heb “going the way of all the earth.”
[2:3] 50 tn Heb “keep the charge of the
[2:3] 51 tn Heb “by walking in his ways.”
[2:3] 53 tn Heb “then you will cause to succeed all which you do and all which you turn there.”
[2:4] 54 tn Heb “then the
[2:4] 55 tn Heb “guard their way.”
[2:4] 56 tn Heb “by walking before me in faithfulness.”
[2:4] 59 tn Heb “there will not be cut off from you a man from upon the throne of Israel.”
[2:5] 60 tn Heb “what he did to the two commanders…and he killed them.”
[2:5] 61 tn Heb “he shed the blood of battle in peace.”
[2:5] 62 tn Heb “and he shed the blood of battle when he killed which is on his waist and on his sandal[s] which are on his feet.” That is, he covered himself with guilt and his guilt was obvious to all who saw him.
[2:6] 63 tn Heb “according to your wisdom.”
[2:6] 64 tn Heb “and do not bring down his grey hair in peace [to] Sheol.”
[2:7] 65 tn Heb “do loyalty with”; or “act faithfully toward.”
[2:7] 66 tn Heb “and let them be among the ones who eat [at] your table.”
[2:7] 67 tn Heb “drew near to.”
[2:8] 68 tn Heb “Look, with you is Shimei….”
[2:8] 69 tn Heb “and he cursed me with a horrible curse on the day I went to Mahanaim.”
[2:8] 70 tn Or “swore an oath to.”
[2:9] 72 tc The Lucianic recension of the Old Greek and the Vulgate have here “you” rather than “now.” The two words are homonyms in Hebrew.
[2:9] 73 tn Heb “what you should do to him.”
[2:9] 74 tn Heb “bring his grey hair down in blood [to] Sheol.”
